Improvement in cotton-gots



westerse We anni 'nonnen L.

snaar', or ALeANrNEW YORK. Y

Letters PatcntlNo. 88,464, dated M11/rch SW1-869. I

The scledulerefen'ed to in these LettercPateut and making` part of the sans,

To all whof'm, it 'ma/y concer-n,-

-Be it known that I, HORACE L. EMERY, of thefcity and countyof Albany, and State of New Yorkhave'invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gotion-Giusi;l and I do hereby declare that the followingzis a full, clear, end exact description thereof, which will enable others Fskilled iu'the art to make and use the same, reference being had. to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The nature of the invention and improvements conf sists of several features in the saw cottoniigin, themselves entirely simple in construction and operation, so

that any farmer or planter, or ordinary hand upon the 'arm `or plantation, can manage them with the best l possible results; the whole being so complete in itself as to admit of ready and safe transportation, as well as of being operated in the ope'ii field, or under open sheds, or within thelintroom of thecommon gin-house,

p without waste of any libres of cotton, or any more annoyance to those attending its operations than occurs in the working of the travelling grain-threshing machine-.' They eeonomize space required to operate in, and .are rendered entirely free from all liability e generi 'ating re when in operation.

By the improvements, the volume` of air passing through the gin is controlled and regulated, as also the method of supplying-air to the brush-cylinder is arranged so as' to insure an ample supply of pure air,

jas also to cause its'` uniform distribution at all times oser-the whole length of the brush-cylinder and mote# hesfrd, for the purposeof insuring a more perfect and un pasen rg the edge of the mote-board below the brushcylinde' Also, in the peculiar arrangement of saws and blankdisks upon tne saw-shaft, in combinationwith the pickerroll supporter inthe sawchamber, by which the sawgin is adapted for handling the longest and most delicate cottons known, with as little damage to their staple as by any other known device now in use.

Also, in so constructing the saw-chamber as to be -readily adj usted to any size. of roll, and capacity for receiving ,more or less, and to better handle different kinds and conditions of seed-cotton, and thereby insure the greatest eiiiciency in its ont-turn and quality of work.

' Description.

Reference is had toV the accompanying drawings.

Similar letters indicate like parts in the several gures. A, Figure l, represents the case, or frame oi' an ordi-4 nary saw cotton-gin.

B, fig. 1, represents the brush-cylinder in the giu.

C, lig. l, represents the saw-shaft, with collars and saws. l), tig. 1, represents the saws' mounted on shaft O E, iig. 1, represents the breast omllids or ribs forn ing one side'of the hopper, or .71 amber F.4

"m separation of motes and trash from the lint, in

F, lig. 1, represents the hopper, or. saw-chamber:` G, iig. l, represents the joint, or hinge for suspend@ ing the hopper F. Y

H2, figl, represents the picker-.roll supporter mountedl centrally within the saw-charnber F.

A', iig. 1, represents a vilexible metallic lining to sawy chamber F. p

bx, fig. 1, represents a screw, or nut for changing -the form and curvature of flexible lining A. v j J, fig. 1, 'represents the receiving and distributing# air chamber for supplying brushcylinder at rZX.l 'Y

e e, iig. 1, represent air-openings for admission of air to the receiving-chamber 'JL R, iig. 1, receiving, separating, and condensing-chamf' ber, for receiving the discharge of air, lint, sand, dust, 85e., from-the brush-cylinder B. P, fig. -1, represents an endless,or revolvingscreen, `forming 'the lower, or' bottom side of chamber'l.

S S S", iig. 1, represent stripping and dofling, or de` livering-c'yliudcrs, of `solid material or surfaces.

gl, iig. l., represents the opening through which the air passes from chamber J to supply the' brush B.

K, g. -1, represents the ordinary movable moteboard., l 1 p Figures 2 and 4 represent plans or horizontal views of the'gi'n and'jits several parts. i

Figure ,3 represents Aa vertical section of the after-f portion of the'cotton-gin, and of'a chamber, which I` contemplate making the subject of a separate patent, and, as represented, it is used without the chamber R, but forms nh part of my present invention.

M, iig. 3, represents the' discharge-outlet from the cotton-gin. Y r l v L, fig. 3,1"epresents a deilectingboa1d, mounted on trunnions, or hinges at' c', for the purpose of elevating or depressing the upper edge at f, by means of pins in f the holes g g. Figures '5 and 6 represent views of a section of the saw-shaft and saws. i D D D represent the saws mounted on shaft 0. N N N' represent blank-disks mounted o etweenth saws.

0,1ig. l, represents an extension ofthe gin-case, or

may be made as an attachment for 'the safer handling and transportation, and consists simply of achamher, 1t, for receiving the discharge from the gin ofthe wind, lint, dust, 8vo., in the process of ginniug. 4

This chamber is so constructed that its bottom, or lower side, consists of an endless. or cylindrical-moving screen, P.

The motionot' this screen being inthe direction from the gin, constantly prelrents a new eld of unobstructed surface at th epoint nearest thebrnsh-cyliuderB, throughI which space or portion 0f screen the greater piort-ion of the wind escapes from the chamber into the screen, and thence olf through its lower portion, and at its openV ends, carrying witl. it all dust, sand, and other foreign matter, which canpass through the Fsi'ien.

The lint'beiug lighter, floats over, ild is finally rested upon the middleand 'after-portion of the screen, and forms abat, or sliver, which, in the progress of the screen, is, finally stripped' from it, and delivered .in one continuous bat at the end ofthe machine, by means of the solid stripping or doiiing-rollers S S S", without any wind, dust, or foreign matter,`,comin'g in contact with it.

These screens may be ade of brass, or galvanized iron-'wire cloth, with about eight meshes to the inch, or of perforated sheet-metal, having about thirty-six holes to the square inch, and the holes to be an eighth of an inch, or so, in diameter.

The sheet-zinc, No. 9vzinc-gauge, makes a suitable covering, andis preferable to wire cloth, as it preserves the cylindrical curvature, or surface much better than wire, between the lribs which support it. Q

When perforated metal is used, the rough side, as left by the punching-process, should he outward and 'not inward, as the lint leaves the screen more easily and does not penetrate through the perforations as readily as if the smooth side were outward.

With this addition, the size of the gin is increased aboutfty per cent., and yet a saving of space is the result, Aas several gins ofthe same size may be advantageously used, where only one could be used ofthe ordinary construction.

Again, the 'process of packing may be continued in thesame room, without interruption or inconvenience tothe attendants, more than working about a threshing-machine. Y

This gin is constructed with an air-chamber directly over the brush-cylinder, with ample openings on each side, right and left, for a'full supply of air for the brush.

This chamber communicates with the brush-cylinder along its .vhole length, and quite to the point where the defieeting-board at ax' turns the blast from the gin.

The object and effect of this arrangement are to insure an ample and uniform supply of air to the whole surface of theA brush, at the point where it is most needed,- and avoid drawing its supply through below the hopper, thus `insuring a much better moting below the gin, and preventing a greatportion of foreign matter being drawn in and forced through the gin with the lint.

The brush-cylinders are constructed with concave heads, in the form of an annular trough,'with their deepest depressions some two and a half inches, being` at and around thel shaft,l and diminishing gradually, until -the periphery is flush with the centre portion at the journals, the effect and object being to induce a strong inward current of fresh or cold air, which, in

turn, is thrown off at the periphery, with great force, into the gin, and thereby preventingA any accumulation of lint around the journals, to cause friction and generate fire; and, at the same time, this current of air pre- )vents the journals and bearings from becoming heated, from ordinary'causes.

The saw-chamber is provided with a false, or inside lining, of exible, or elastic metallic plate, so mounted by adjustable screws and equivalents, as to be instantly made to conform to any degree of curvature, to better suit the Vcapacity of the saw-chamber to the difierent sizes of the roll, and the various kinds and conditions Y of seed-cotton to be handled.

The adjustable and delecting wind-board L, iig. 3,' which, as before stated, forms no part of my present invention, placed in rear of the mote-board, is for. the double purpose of deiiecting the wind, or discharge from the gin, and to regulate thevolumeand intensity of the discharge of air from the gin, and incidentally controlling t-heinlet and regulating the moting along the mote-board, below the brush-cylinder.

It is mounted byhinges, orbquivalents, at its lower edge, wliile the upper edge is raised lor lowered to suit the requirements ofthe operator. t

For ginning long-staple cottouwith this saw-giu, the saws are ,mounted upon the saw-shaft alternately between blank-disks of a diameter alittle lessthan the roped, or; twisted and entangled, but at all times is' revolved, in all its parts, in unison.

The saws, by this arrangement, being 'placed snuiciently distant from each other, the fibres cannot be seized by any two consecutive saws, nor drawn two ways at the. same time, and the blanks, or disks between thesaws, serving the purpose to support and move the roll, and at the same` time, also, produce a complete subdivision ofthe surface of the cotton-roll,

'so as.to insure thc continuons rotation and presentation of that portion between any two disks to the action of the same saw, so lo'ng as the process is continuedgthus never endangering the integrity of the libre from the usual roping and twisting in the roll,

nor from the double action of the saws, nor from slow' speed; as, with the picker-roll supporter, any slow degree of speed may be maintained, w'liile, without the said supporter, a high speed of the roll, to produce centrifugal suspension and propulsion of the roll, is a prerequisite to its working at all.

The picker-roll supporter, as shown at JEP, consists of a light, strong wood shaft, or cylinder, about two inches in diameter, and thickly studded with radial and pointed hard-wood pins, or points, about two and a half inches in length and three-eighths of an inch diameter.v These are so spaced as that their pointsv will pass between the saws, and `reach nearly to the ribs between the saws.

This shaft is mounted at both ends,'by means of steel shafts, or journals, about .half an inch diameter, and supported by bearings in the ends of. the hopper, of about two inches'by two and a half inches, in an elliptical form, for the purpose of admitting an axiai' freedom of the journals within the bearings, and, consequently, au orbital freedom to the whole shaft, with its pointed pins. l

The object and effect of this device are" to`support the 'roll in all its parts, and to morse it throughout its whole length in unison, and without its depending upon the saws. f

`Its use vprevents all clogging or bridging, and equalizes all parts of the roll, and obviates the bad results of uneven feeding by careless or inexperienced hands, and produces a uniform qualityand out-turn, as, also, causes a uniform/resistance to the saws at different speeds, and will admit of any degree of speed of the saws, from one up to four or live hundred revolutions per minute, as the nature of the propelling-power or the kinds and condition of the staple require.

Having thus described .my invention,

What I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A receiving-chamber attachment, or extension, for the saw cotton-gin, with its lower side, or bottom constructed of a slowly-moving endless, or cylindrical screen, having the ends of said screen open to the l right and left of the gin, and its lower, or returning portion unobstructed, to permit the free escape of wind, sand, dust, and other foreign matter.

2. So placing the receiving-chamber, with its screenbottom relatively toward the blast entering it from the gin, that this screen shall, in its movement, constantly present an unobstructed portion of its surface toward and. nearest the blast as it comes from the brush-cyl inder.

in combination with a receiving-chamber of a cottongin, havingits lower side, or bottom construe-uni of a 3. The solid dotiing-cylilulers, with or without flaps,

`moving, or revolving screen, for the purpose of strip:

lfor the purpose of. adj ustiug its form and varying 'the capacity of the saw-chamber to the different kinds and `eonditiousof the 'seed-cotton, and to the size and densit-y of the cotton-roll.

6. The arrangement and use 0f alternate saws and' blanks upon the saw-cylinder of a. oottou-gin, in combinatouwit-h thepieker-roll supporter mounted in the saw-chamber, over the saw-.cylinder of a saw cpttongm. o

Witnesses:

E. D. HALLOGK;

J. A. BROOKSBY.

HORACE L. 4EMERY. 

